19th Century Literature of Mohammed
Nineteenth century
Alphonse de Lamartine wrote a Life of Muhammad in 1854 [204], which we can say that this is the first biography written by a Westerner who does not care. He said: “Philosopher, orator, apostle, legislator, warrior, conqueror of ideas, restorer of dogmas, the founder of twenty terrestrial empires and of one spiritual empire that is Muhammad. At all scales where we measure human greatness, which man was greater? “
Similarly, Victor Hugo, in a poem in The Legend of the Ages (1858), The new year of the Hegira, presents a romantic death of Mohammed
And his wife Ayesha was standing behind;
He listened for qu’Aboubékre read,
And often in a whisper finishing the verse;
And they wept as he prayed in this way.
And the angel of death into the evening at the door
Appeared, asking to be permitted to enter.
“Let him come.” Then we saw his eyes light up
In the same light as the day of his birth;
And the angel said to him: “God desires your presence.”
- “Well,” he said. A shiver ran over his temples,
A breath opened his lips, and Muhammad died.
Muhammad is also a play by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. According to the specialist in German literature of the nineteenth century, Adolphe Bossert, “Muhammad The Goethe is not, like Voltaire, an impostor, is a believer, possessed by the need to spread his faith. It begins with worship the stars, but soon, above the stars, he discovered one who gave them life and who formed the universe. “Be thou exalted, loving heart, to the author of all things! Be my Lord and my God, thou who hast created the sun and moon and stars and earth and sky, and myself! The faith of Mohammed remains pure as long as it is enclosed in itself, it remains a colloquy between him and his god, it demeans and corrupts when he tries to get it in the coarser souls. He is obliged to use force, even cunning, to found his religion, he raises legitimate enmities, and in the end he was poisoned. “[209]. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe learned Arabic and went to Arabia to understand the main character of his theater piece Muhammad. He will say after “If this is Islam, then we are all of us Muslims”.
For Ernest Renan, speaking of the part of Voltaire, “Mahomet appears as a gentle, sensitive, loyal, free from hatred. His affections were sincere, his character, in general, brought to a good … Anything less like the ambitious Machiavellian and without heart that explains his adamant Alexandrian projects Zopyrus “but” his precautions in battle were hardly worthy of a prophet.
Century
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* Annie Besant wrote “Anyone who has studied the life and personality of the great Prophet of Arabia, knowing his teaching and way of life, can only feel awe for this eminent prophet, one of the great messengers of God. Although insignificant as to be what I say to a reader familiar with the prophet’s words every time I reread them, I feel admiration and veneration for this new incommensurate Arabian teacher. “
* In 1988, Salman Rushdie refers to Mohammed in the Satanic Verses controversy causing extensive, with a fatwa calling for the execution of the author, in 1989. According to al-Tabari, Satan tried to dictate the heretical teachings of Mohammed. This incident took place in Mecca, eight years before the Hegira, when Muhammad recited the sura of the Star, in which three goddesses are mentioned by the Quraish pagans regarded as “daughters of God.” According to Harry Sacher, al-Lat, al-Uzza, and Manat were pre-Islamic goddesses called the “daughters of Allah”. Muhammad had, in a first version recommended that they should render a cult, then uttered these verses repealed, the notorious “Satanic Verses” referred to in the novel Rushdie.
Source : http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahomet
See Also : lebaran, hari raya, ramadan gift